Oral cancer is the eleventh most common cancer in the world and the most common cancer in India amongst men (11.28% of all cancers), fifth most frequently occurring cancer amongst women (4.3% of all cancers) and the third most frequently occurring cancer in India amongst both men and women. Two-thirds of the global incidence of oral cancer occurs in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs); half of those cases are from South Asia. India alone accounts for one-fifth of all oral cancer cases and one-fourth of all oral cancer deaths.

Introduction: Dermatoglyphics is the scientific and analytical study of fingerprints. Every individual’s fingerprints are distinctive; one can determine one’s ingrained potential, individuality, and choices by interpreting dermatoglyphics. This twin-city survey was undertaken to evaluate the fingerprint patterns of children with dental caries [study groups - rampant caries vs early childhood caries (ECC)] and caries-free individual (control group).

Aim: This study was carried out to determine the correlation between dermatoglyphic pattern and caries prevalence in young children in the twin cities of Pune and Mumbai.

Materials and methods: Two centers were selected in Pune and Mumbai. A total of 300 patients (150 patients in each center) were randomly selected from the age group ranging between 3 and 5 years. The samples were divided into two groups: Group I: Caries group, and group II: Caries-free group. Group I was further divided into children with ECC and children with rampant caries. Clinical examination of dental caries was done using mouth mirror and probe (only to remove debris and not probe into the fissures) in daylight or suitable light source. Fingerprints were obtained by the conventional ink method. Statistical results were obtained by one-way analysis of variance with post hoc Tukey’s correction for multiple group comparisons using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20.

Results: The evaluation and comparison of patterns in children with caries and caries-free children in both right and left hands showed increase in the number of whorls in children with rampant caries as compared with children with ECC. However, this was not statistically significant.

Conclusion: The study showed a definite variation in dermatoglyphics between the ECC, rampant caries, and caries-free group. However, the rampant caries group showed more number of whorls as compared with the ECC group, but they were statistically insignificant. Dermatoglyphics has proven to be a useful, noninvasive, and cost-efficient tool for investigating diseases with a genetic background like dental caries and cleft lip and palate, etc.

Keywords: Dermatoglyphics, Early childhood caries, Rampant caries.

How to cite this article: Chunawala Y, Morawala A, Ambiye A, Jain K. Twin-city Study correlating the Dermatoglyphic Patterns with Rampant Caries and Early Childhood Caries. Int J Clin Dent Res 2017;1(1):1-4.

Source of support: Nil

Conflict of interest: None

Introduction and aim: Premature exfoliation or extraction of primary tooth may lead to loss of space due to drifting of the adjacent teeth. This may also lead to undesirable effects, such as impaction of the succedaneous tooth, overeruption of the opposing tooth, and a shift of the midline, with consequent functional impairment. It is prudent to consider space maintenance when primary teeth are lost prematurely. The current study aims to clinically evaluate the effectiveness of space maintainers comparing conventional band and loop space maintainer with glass fiber-reinforced space maintainer following loss of primary teeth in mixed dentition.

Materials and methods: A total of 30 children aged 4 to 8 years were randomly assigned into two groups - band-andloop space maintainer (group I) and glass fiber-reinforced composite (GFRC) space maintainer (group II). Distortion/ dislodgment of the loop or the fiber frame, fracture of loop or fiber frame, gingival health, and space loss were evaluated clinically and radiographically at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months interval. Gingival health was assessed by gingival index given by Loe and Silness.

Results: Based on the statistical analysis, overall success rate of group I was found to be 69.2% and of group II was 95.7% (p = 0.026), which was statistically significant.

Conclusion: The GFRC space maintainers showed an overall success rate compared with band-and-loop space maintainers.

Keywords: Band-and-loop space, Caries, Everstick glass fiber-reinforced composite, Extraction, Primary molars, Space maintainers.

How to cite this article: Kataria S, Chunawala Y, Morawala A, Jain K, Ambiye A. Clinical Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Glass Fiber-reinforced Composite Space Maintainer vs Bandand- loop Space Maintainer following Loss of Primary Teeth: An in vivo Study. Int J Clin Dent Res 2017;1(1):5-9.

Source of support: Nil

Conflict of interest: None

Background: The present study was undertaken to evaluate the most suitable intracanal medicament with the least incidence on Interappointment flare-up.

Aim: To clinically evaluate and compare the effect of combination of calcium hydroxide (CH) and chlorhexidine (CHX) with triple antibiotic paste and combination of CH, CHX, and lycopene on interappointment flare-up.

Materials and methods: A total of 36 patients requiring root canal treatment were selected according to the selection criteria and divided into three groups: Group I - CH and CHX, group II - triple antibiotic paste, and group III - CH, CHX, and lycopene. Access opening and biomechanical preparation of all samples, and intracanal medicaments were placed respectively. Subsequently, interappointment flare-up was assessed at 1, 2, 3, 7, and 14 days using verbal rating scale. Statistical analysis used: One way analysis of variance test and Tukey’s post hoc test.

Results: There was no statistically significant difference seen in the clinical performance of CH + CHX, triple antibiotic paste, and mixture of CH + CHX + lycopene at the end of 14 days in terms of interappointment flare-up.

Conclusion: All the intracanal medicaments were effective in reducing interappointment flare-up at the end of 14 days.

Keywords: Calcium hydroxide, Chlorhexidine, Interappointment flare-up, Intracanal medicament, Lycopene.

How to cite this article: Bilgi PS, Shah NC, Mehta J. Comparative Evaluation of Mixture of Calcium Hydroxide and Chlorhexidine, with Triple Antibiotic Paste and Combination of Calcium Hydroxide, Chlorhexidine, and Lycopene on Incidence of Interappointment Flare-up: An in vivo Study. Int J Clin Dent Res 2017;1(1):10-14.

Source of support: Nil

Conflict of interest: None

Introduction: Endodontic treatment requires knowledge of root canal morphology and its commonly occurring variation. The utility and relevance of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) to the practice of endodontics is reported with increasing frequency in the field of endodontics for successful procedures. Therefore, the present study is undertaken to assess the variation in number and morphology of the root canals of primary molars.

Materials and methods: Extracted primary molars with at least two-thirds of intact root, and 7 to 12 mm length were cleaned in water and stored in 0.5% sodium hypochlorite for 1 week. Thereafter, the anatomy of the root canals of these primary molars was assessed through CBCT.

Results: In the present study, the majority of canals were ribbon shaped. Accessory canals were few and maximum number was found to be present in mesiobuccal root of maxillary first molar and the least in mesiobuccal root of mandibular second molar.

Conclusion: The CBCT proved to be as accurate as the gold standard in studying the presence of accessory canals with clinical applicability. This study highlights the usefulness of CBCT imaging for accurate diagnosis of the unusual canal morphology.

Keywords: Anatomy, Cone beam computed tomography, Primary molars, Pulp dimension, Root canal.

How to cite this article: Joshi N, Deshpande A, Poonacha KS, Bargale S, Naik K, Mehta D. Cone Beam Computed Tomography Evaluation of Root Canal Anatomy in Primary Molars: An in vitro Study. Int J Clin Dent Res 2017;1(1):15-19.

Source of support: Nil

Conflict of interest: None

Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the fracture strength of roots instrumented with the self-adjusting file (SAF; ReDent-Nova, Ra’anana, Israel) and the Reciproc reciprocating file and that were and were not obturated using the warm vertical lateral compaction technique.

Materials and methods: In total, 75 mandibular premolar teeth were sectioned at or below the cementoenamel junction to obtain roots 13 mm in length. The roots were balanced with respect to buccolingual and mesiodistal diameters and weight. They were distributed into four experimental groups and one control group (n = 15): No instrumentation (group I), instrumentation with SAF files but no obturation (group II), instrumentation with SAF files and obturated with warm vertical lateral compaction (group III), instrumentation with Reciproc File but no obturation (group IV), and instrumentation with Reciproc File and obturated with warm vertical lateral compaction (group V). AH Plus sealer (Dentsply DeTrey, Konstanz, Germany) was used along with gutta-percha points. One week later, a vertical load was applied to the specimen’s canal until fracture occurred. Data were statistically analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (p = 0.05).

Results: The mean fracture load was 312.83 N for group I, 297.35 N for group II, 359.15 N for group III, 231.51 N for group IV, and 275.81 N for group V.

Conclusion: The fracture resistances exhibited a statistically significant difference between all the groups. Teeth instrumented by SAF exhibited a better fracture resistance.

Keywords: Fracture strength, Instrumentation, Reciproc reciprocating file, Root fracture, Self-adjusting file.

How to cite this article: Tyagi S, Choudhary E, Kabra P, Chauhan R. An in vitro comparative Evaluation of Fracture Strength of Roots Instrumentated with Self-adjusting File and Reciproc Reciprocating File, with and without Obturation. Int J Clin Dent Res 2017;1(1):20-25.

Source of support: Nil

Conflict of interest: None

Introduction: Sagittal jaw relationship is one of the basic criteria assessed for orthodontic diagnosis. ANB angle, Wits appraisal, and Beta angle are the most commonly used measures. Yen angle and W angle have been recently introduced. It was necessary to assess their predictability by comparing them with routinely used sagittal jaw indicators.

Aim: To assess Yen angle and W angle and compare them with ANB angle, Wits appraisal, and Beta angle in predicting sagittal jaw dysplasia.

Materials and methods: A total of 40 lateral cephalograms of class I malocclusion subjects were selected and traced as per the inclusion criteria. ANB angle, Wits appraisal, Beta angle, Yen angle, and W angle were measured and compared with each other. Statistical analyses used were independent t-test, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy.

Results: ANB angle, Wits appraisal, Beta angle, Yen angle, and W angle all show a significant correlation with each other. Yen angle and W angle show best correlation with ANB angle showing 100% sensitivity. The values of specificity and accuracy of Yen angle with ANB angle are 73.7 and 81.48% respectively, and that of W angle with ANB angle are 44.4 and 67.74% respectively.

Conclusion: Yen angle and W angle show a good correlation with each other and with other three measures. Both the angles show highest correlation with ANB angle and the least correlation with Wits appraisal. Yen angle shows stronger correlation with ANB angle than W angle. Yen angle and W angle can be used to assess sagittal jaw dysplasia in addition to the established angles.

Keywords: Correlation, Sagittal jaw dysplasia indicators, Wangle, Yen angle.

How to cite this article: Kapadia RM, Diyora SD, Shah RB, Modi BN. Comparative Evaluation of Yen Angle and W Angle with ANB Angle, Wits Appraisal, and Beta Angle for Predicting Sagittal Jaw Dysplasia: A Cephalometric Study. Int J Clin Dent Res 2017;1(1):26-31.

Source of support: Nil

Conflict of interest: None

Correction of skeletal deformities in adult patients with orthodontics is limited. In adult severe cases, the combined approach, orthodontic and orthognathic surgery, is always the treatment of choice, and the results obtained usually ensure a better esthetics, functionality, and stability. Orthognathic surgery is the best option for cases when camouflage treatment is questionable and growth modulation is not possible. This case report illustrates the benefit of the team approach in correcting mandible retrusion along with class II skeletal deformity with 100% deep bite. Insertion of fixed functional appliance was not possible due to prominent root apices and thin mandible cortical plates. Correction was achieved by anterior repositioning of mandible osteotomy along with orthodontic treatment. The patient’s facial appearance was markedly improved along with functional and stable occlusion.

Keywords: Camouflage, Orthognathic, Skeletal.

How to cite this article: Kumar D, Singh V, Solanki R, Sharma R, Yadav A. Correction of Class II Malocclusion with Skeletal Deep Bite. Int J Clin Dent Res 2017;1(1):32-36.

Source of support: Nil

Conflict of interest: None

Understanding the repercussions of facial trauma on subsequent growth and the aftermath of the various methods of treating pediatric facial fractures is not something that those who treat adults have to take into account. Young bone possesses unique physical properties that coupled with the space-occupying developing dentition give rise to patterns of fracture not seen in adults. This results in a need for different forms of fixation for shorter periods of time. This case report documents trauma and follow-up care of a 4-year-old patient with mandibular fracture.

Keywords: Circummandibular wiring, Mandibular fracture, Maxillofacial injuries.

How to cite this article: Kumar N, Kumar A, Syreen S, Singh S. Circummandibular Wiring: A Treatment Approach toward Management of Mandibular Fracture in Children. Int J Clin Dent Res 2017;1(1):37-39.

Source of support: Nil

Conflict of interest: None

Periodontitis is the most common, destructive, inflammatory disease of supporting tissues of the teeth in humans, with profound effects on general health. Aggressive periodontitis (AgP) comprises a rare group of population, a rapidly progressing form of periodontitis, characterized by severe destruction of periodontal attachment apparatus and tooth loss at an early age. Considering the psychological problems that these patients have faced during the early stages of their life, the main aim of treatment is to achieve functional, esthetic, and phonetic rehabilitation. Dental implant is a widely used treatment option that provides functional and esthetic resolution. Implant placement in patients with a history of AgP might be considered a viable option to restore oral function; however, the risk for implant failure is significantly higher.
This report presents rehabilitation of lower anteriors with implant therapy in a 24-year-old systemically healthy male with history of localized AgP, who had previously received complete periodontal therapy for periodontal stabilization.

Keywords: Aggressive periodontitis, Dental implants, Periodontal diseases.

How to cite this article: Barot VJ. Rehabilitation of Lower Anteriors with Implant Therapy in Localized Aggressive Periodontitis. Int J Clin Dent Res 2017;1(1):40-44.

Source of support: Nil

Conflict of interest: None

Although the conventional complete denture has been a standard treatment option for edentulous patients, it may not thoroughly fulfill the esthetic or functional needs of many denture wearers. This situation is commonly encountered, especially in relation to the mandibular ridge. Over the last decade, implant-supported overdenture has emerged as a successful alternative to the more commonly used removable prosthesis. The article discusses the fabrication procedure of an implant-assisted overdenture.

Keywords: Conventional, Implant, Maxillomandibular, Overdenture, Prosthesis.

How to cite this article: Kar S, Tripathi A. Treatment Outcome with Implant-supported Mandibular Overdenture opposing Natural Dentition. Int J Clin Dent Res 2017;1(1):45-48.

Source of support: Nil

Conflict of interest: None

Gorlin-Goltz syndrome is an uncommon autosomal dominant inherited disorder with complete penetrance and extreme variable expressivity. It is characterized by multiple odontogenic keratocysts and basal cell carcinomas; skeletal, dental, ophthalmic, and neurological abnormalities; intracranial ectopic calcifications of the falx cerebri, and facial dysmorphism. Due to importance of oral maxillofacial manifestations of this syndrome, it is important to know its characteristics in order to make diagnosis and to provide an early preventive treatment.
The purpose of this article is to present a report of two cases who reported to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, with features of Gorlin-Goltz syndrome in association with multiple odontogenic keratocysts in the maxillofacial region.

Keywords: Enucleation, Gorlin-Goltz syndrome, Odontogenic keratocyst.

How to cite this article: Bharti R, Jindal G, Garg S, Kaur S, Goyal M, Gupta P. Gorlin-Goltz Syndrome: Report of Two Cases. Int J Clin Dent Res 2017;1(1):49-54.

Source of support: Nil

Conflict of interest: None